Bialaphos
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| Category | Others |
| Catalog number | BBF-00575 |
| CAS | 35597-43-4 |
| Molecular Weight | 323.28 |
| Molecular Formula | C11H22N3O6P |
| Purity | >98% |
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Description
Bialaphos is a phosphorus-containing tripeptide produced by Streptomyces viridochromogenes and Str. hygroscopicus. It has anti-bacterial, anti-fungal activity, and has herbicidal effect.
Specification
| Synonyms | Bilanafos; Herby; Antibiotic SF 1293 |
| Storage | Store at -20°C |
| IUPAC Name | (2-amino-4-((hydroxymethyl)hydrophosphoryl)butanoyl)-L-alanyl-L-alanine |
| InChI Key | VGEZOZJJXPKDEJ-WPZUCAASSA-N |
Properties
| Appearance | Powder |
| Antibiotic Activity Spectrum | fungi |
| Melting Point | 159-161°C |
| Density | 1.33g/cm3 |
| Solubility | Soluble in DMSO |
Reference Reading
1. Development of gateway binary vectors R4L1pGWB possessing the bialaphos resistance gene (bar) and the tunicamycin resistance gene as markers for promoter analysis in plants
Yuji Tanaka, Kenta Shibahara, Tsuyoshi Nakagawa Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2013;77(8):1795-7. doi: 10.1271/bbb.130405. Epub 2013 Aug 7.
We have developed a new series of R4L1 Gateway binary vectors (R4L1pGWB), which carry the bialaphos resistance gene (bar) or the UDP-N-acetylglucosamine:dolichol phosphate N-acetylglucosamine-1-P transferase (GPT) gene as selection markers that confer BASTA® and tunicamycin resistance on plants respectively. R4L1pGWBs have an attR4-attL1-reporter and can accept an attL4-promoter-attR1 entry clone for easy construction of an attB4-promoter-attB1-reporter clone. The new R4L1pGWBs facilitate promoter:reporter analysis in pre-existing transgenic plants that are resistant to kanamycin or hygromycin.
2. Agrobacterium tumefaciens-Mediated Transformation of Tomato
Joyce Van Eck, Patricia Keen, Michelle Tjahjadi Methods Mol Biol. 2019;1864:225-234. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8778-8_16.
Tomato is both an important food crop and serves as a model plant species that is used for various research investigations including understanding gene function. Transformation is commonly utilized to facilitate these investigations in combination with all the extensive genetic and genomic resources available for tomato. The transformation protocol routinely used in our laboratory has been applied to many different tomato genotypes and relies on Agrobacterium tumefaciens infection of young cotyledon sections. We have used vector systems for overexpression, RNA interference for gene silencing, and CRISPR/Cas9 for genome editing. Vectors used to design gene constructs contained selectable marker genes that conferred resistance to kanamycin, hygromycin, and the herbicide component, bialaphos. The protocol we follow for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of both cultivated and wild species of tomato is detailed in this chapter.
3. Phosphonate Biochemistry
Geoff P Horsman, David L Zechel Chem Rev. 2017 Apr 26;117(8):5704-5783. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00536. Epub 2016 Oct 27.
Organophosphonic acids are unique as natural products in terms of stability and mimicry. The C-P bond that defines these compounds resists hydrolytic cleavage, while the phosphonyl group is a versatile mimic of transition-states, intermediates, and primary metabolites. This versatility may explain why a variety of organisms have extensively explored the use organophosphonic acids as bioactive secondary metabolites. Several of these compounds, such as fosfomycin and bialaphos, figure prominently in human health and agriculture. The enzyme reactions that create these molecules are an interesting mix of chemistry that has been adopted from primary metabolism as well as those with no chemical precedent. Additionally, the phosphonate moiety represents a source of inorganic phosphate to microorganisms that live in environments that lack this nutrient; thus, unusual enzyme reactions have also evolved to cleave the C-P bond. This review is a comprehensive summary of the occurrence and function of organophosphonic acids natural products along with the mechanisms of the enzymes that synthesize and catabolize these molecules.
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Bio Calculators
* Our calculator is based on the following equation:
Concentration (start) x Volume (start) = Concentration (final) x Volume (final)
It is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2
* Total Molecular Weight:
g/mol
Tip: Chemical formula is case sensitive. C22H30N4O √ c22h30n40 ╳
