Cefclidin

The effects of cefclidin (CFCL), a novel antibacterial agent, on the central nervous system (CNS) were examined in a variety of animal models. The effects of cefazolin (CEZ) were also examined for comparative purposes. In the animal models used CFCL whilst having some effects at the doses examined, failed to show an overall consistent effect on the CNS. In contrast CEZ produced changes in the parameters measured which were generally consistent with a proconvulsant action.

Using clinically isolated 114 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa that were collected from April to October 1994, activity of antipseudomonal agents against these organisms was determined using the method of liquid microdilution. In addition, antimicrobial activities of the agents were graded according to serological groups of organisms. The results of this study are summarized as follows. 1. Many strains of P. aeruginosa were isolated mainly from sputum, pus and urine. 2. Serological group G organisms of sputum origin, group I of pus and bile origin, and group E of urine origin were isolated most frequently. 3. The most powerful antipseudomonal agent was cefclidin. Its MIC50 and MIC90 were 0.78 and 6.25 micrograms/ml, respectively. The second most powerful agent was ciprofloxacin whose MIC50 and MIC90 were 0.39 and 12.5 micrograms/ml, respectively. 4. The proportions of resistant strains ranged from 0.9% for cefclidin to 40.4% for ofloxacin. The antipseudomonal agents to which 30% or more of strains were resistant were cefpirome, gentamicin and ofloxacin. 5. Cefclidin showed the most powerful activity against strains that were resistant to ceftazidime, imipenem, gentamicin and ofloxacin. Its MIC90 against all strains resistant to ceftazidime, gentamicin and ofloxacin was 6.25 micrograms/ml. The MIC90 of cefclidin and tobramycin against imipenem-resistant strains was 3.13 micrograms/ml. 6. Group E organisms were found among strains resistant to ceftazidime, gentamicin and ofloxacin at high rates, but no group E strains were found among imipenem-resistant organisms. 7. Agents with highest activities by serological group of organisms were cefclidin against group A, tobramycin and ciprofloxacin against group B, imipenem against group E, ciprofloxacin against group G, and cefclidin and ciprofloxacin against group I.

We evaluated the effects of a novel cephalosporin, cefclidin (CFCL) and imipenem (IPM), on the eradication of bacteria from the urine, bladder stones and the kidneys, and also on the prevention of the infection stone formations, in our polymicrobial urinary tract infection model of rats associated with bladder stones using IMP-sensitive or IPM-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis as a causative pathogen. CFCL completely eradicated P. mirabilis from the urine and the stone in the short-term regimen (5 days). CFCL completely eradicated both IPM-sensitive P. aeruginosa and P. mirabilis from the urine, the stones and the kidneys as compared to IPM in the long-term regimen (11 days), reflecting the superior antibacterial activity of CFCL. CFCL also significantly prevented the development of infection stones as compared to IPM in the long-term regimen. There was no significant difference in the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) values between the CFCL or IPM-treated and the non-treated groups. The cumulative recovery rate of unchanged CFCL reached 47.3% of the total dosage (20 mg/kg) within 8 hours.