Chalcomycin
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| Category | Antibiotics |
| Catalog number | BBF-00526 |
| CAS | 20283-48-1 |
| Molecular Weight | 700.81 |
| Molecular Formula | C35H56O14 |
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Description
It is produced by the strain of Streptomyces bikiniensis. It is mainly against gram-positive bacteria and also has effect on mycobacterium.
Specification
| Synonyms | Miconomycin; CHALCOMYCIN; J-013176; (1S,2E,5S,7S,8R,9S,10E,14R,15R,16S)-5-hydroxy-15-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-5-hydroxy-3,4-dimethoxy-6-methyl-tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxymethyl]-8-[(2S,3R,4S,6R)-3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-6-methyl-tetrahydropyran-2-yl]oxy-5,7,9,14-tetramethyl-13,17-dioxabicyclo[14.1.0]heptadeca-2,10-diene-4,12-dione; Chalcomycin A; NSC 150439 |
| IUPAC Name | (1S,2R,3R,6E,8S,9R,10S,12S,14E,16S)-12-hydroxy-2-[[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-5-hydroxy-3,4-dimethoxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-9-[(2S,3R,4S,6R)-3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-3,8,10,12-tetramethyl-4,17-dioxabicyclo[14.1.0]heptadeca-6,14-diene-5,13-dione |
| Canonical SMILES | CC1CC(C(C(O1)OC2C(CC(C(=O)C=CC3C(O3)C(C(OC(=O)C=CC2C)C)COC4C(C(C(C(O4)C)O)OC)OC)(C)O)C)O)OC |
| InChI | InChI=1S/C35H56O14/c1-17-10-13-26(37)46-20(4)22(16-44-34-32(43-9)31(42-8)27(38)21(5)47-34)30-23(48-30)11-12-25(36)35(6,40)15-18(2)29(17)49-33-28(39)24(41-7)14-19(3)45-33/h10-13,17-24,27-34,38-40H,14-16H2,1-9H3/b12-11+,13-10+/t17-,18-,19+,20+,21+,22+,23-,24-,27+,28+,29-,30-,31+,32+,33-,34+,35-/m0/s1 |
| InChI Key | KLGADJPDTCIJLO-FCNIXBKESA-N |
Properties
| Appearance | White Crystal |
| Antibiotic Activity Spectrum | Gram-positive bacteria; mycobacteria |
| Boiling Point | 825.0 °C at 760 mmHg |
| Melting Point | 121-123 °C |
| Density | 1.25 g/cm3 |
| Solubility | Soluble in Ethanol |
Reference Reading
1. Genome mining Streptomyces sp. KCTC 0041BP as a producer of dihydrochalcomycin
Chung Thanh Nguyen, Adzemye Fovennso Bridget, Van Thuy Thi Pham, Hue Thi Nguyen, Tae-Su Kim, Jae Kyung Sohng Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2021 Jun;105(12):5023-5037. doi: 10.1007/s00253-021-11393-w. Epub 2021 Jun 17.
Streptomyces sp. KCTC 0041BP, which was isolated from a soil sample in Cheolwon, Republic of Korea, is a dihydrochalcomycin producer. In this study, we obtained the genome of S. sp. KCTC 0041BP with 7.54 Mb genome size. antiSMASH and the dbCAN2 meta server predicted that the genome would contain 26 secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) and 285 carbohydrate-active enzymes. Besides dihydrochalcomycin, 21 compounds were successfully identified from S. sp. KCTC 0041BP, and among them, the structure of 8 compounds were proven by high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HRESIMS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The identification of chalcomycin analogs led to a better understanding of the biosynthetic pathway of dihydrochalcomycin/chalcomycin. From the analysis of cluster 2 and solvent selection, linearmycins were determined. Linearmycins showed antibacterial activity with both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and antifungal activity. One strain many compounds (OSMAC) strategy was applied to activate the salicylic acid production in this strain. A salicylic acid biosynthetic pathway was also predicted, but not by antiSMASH. These results showed that this strain can produce many useful compounds and potentially produce novel compounds with most secondary BGCs yet to be experimentally identified.
2. Chalcomycins from Marine-Derived Streptomyces sp. and Their Antimicrobial Activities
Shutai Jiang, Lili Zhang, Xuechang Pei, Fang Deng, Dan Hu, Guodong Chen, Chuanxi Wang, Kui Hong, Xinsheng Yao, And Hao Gao Mar Drugs. 2017 May 29;15(6):153. doi: 10.3390/md15060153.
Dihydrochalcomycin (1) and chalcomycin, (2), two known chalcomycins, and chalcomycin E (3), a new compound, were isolated from marine-derived Streptomyces sp. HK-2006-1. Their structures were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic and X-ray crystallographic analysis. The antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, and Aspergillus niger of 1-3 were evaluated. Compounds 1-2 exhibited activities against S. aureus with minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 32 µg/mL and 4 µg/mL, respectively. The fact that 1-2 showed stronger activity against S. aureus 209P than 3 indicated that the epoxy unit was important for antimicrobial activity. This structure-activity tendency of chalcomycins against S. aureus is different from that of aldgamycins reported in our previous research, which provide a valuable example for the phenomenon that 16-membered macrolides with different sugars do not have parallel structure-activity relationships.
3. Characterization of Methyltransferase AlmCII in Chalcomycin Biosynthesis: The First TylF Family O-Methyltransferase Works on a 4'-Deoxysugar
Ping Dai, Chuan-Xi Wang, Hao Gao, Qiao-Zhen Wang, Xiao-Long Tang, Guo-Dong Chen, Kui Hong, Dan Hu, Xin-Sheng Yao Chembiochem. 2017 Aug 4;18(15):1510-1517. doi: 10.1002/cbic.201700216. Epub 2017 Jun 28.
Sugar O-methylation is a ubiquitous modification in natural products and plays diverse roles. This realization has inspired many attempts to search for novel methyltransferases. Chalcomycins are a group of 16-membered macrolides containing two methylated sugars that require three methyltransferases for their biosynthesis. Here, we identified that AlmCII, a sugar O-methyltransferase belonging to the TylF family that was previously only known to methylate sugars with a 4'-hydroxy group, can methylate a 4',6'-dideoxysugar during the biosynthesis of chalcomycins. An in vitro enzymatic assay revealed that AlmCII is divalent metal-dependent with an optimal pH of 8.0 and optimal temperature of 42 °C. Moreover, the 3'-O-demethylated chalcomycins exhibit less than 6 % of the antibacterial activity of their parent compounds. This is the first report demonstrating that a TylF family O-methyltransferase can use a 4'-deoxy sugar as a substrate and highlighting the importance of this methylation for the antibacterial activity of chalcomycins.
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Bio Calculators
* Our calculator is based on the following equation:
Concentration (start) x Volume (start) = Concentration (final) x Volume (final)
It is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2
* Total Molecular Weight:
g/mol
Tip: Chemical formula is case sensitive. C22H30N4O √ c22h30n40 ╳
