Citrinin
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Category | Bioactive by-products |
Catalog number | BBF-00644 |
CAS | 518-75-2 |
Molecular Weight | 250.25 |
Molecular Formula | C13H14O5 |
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Capabilities & Facilities
Fermentation Lab
4 R&D and scale-up labs
2 Preparative purification labs
Fermentation Plant
Semi pilot, pilot and industrial plant 4 Manufacturing sites 7 Production lines at pilot scale 100+ Reactors of 30-4000 L; 170+ reactors of 20 KL-30 KL; 24+ reactors of >100 KL 2 Hydrogenation reactors (200 L, 4Mpa and 1000L, 4Mpa)
Product Description
It is produced by the strain of Penicillum citrinum. Citrinin has the ability of anti-gram positive bacteria, negative bacteria (weak) and mycobacterium (10-100 μg/mL), and can inhibit vaginal trichomonas when diluted with 1:25600 ratio. It can also induce the differentiation of mouse leukemia cells.
- Specification
- Properties
- Toxicity
- Reference Reading
- Spectrum
- Price Product List
Synonyms | (-)-Citrinin; UNII-3S697X6SNZ |
Storage | Store at -20°C |
IUPAC Name | (3R,4S)-6-hydroxy-3,4,5-trimethyl-8-oxo-3,4-dihydroisochromene-7-carboxylic acid |
Canonical SMILES | CC1C(OC=C2C1=C(C(=C(C2=O)C(=O)O)O)C)C |
InChI | InChI=1S/C13H14O5/c1-5-7(3)18-4-8-9(5)6(2)11(14)10(12(8)15)13(16)17/h4-5,7,14H,1-3H3,(H,16,17)/t5-,7-/m1/s1 |
InChI Key | CBGDIJWINPWWJW-IYSWYEEDSA-N |
Source | Citrinin is a mycotoxin originally isolated from Penicillium citrinum. Citrinin is also produced by a variety of other fungi including Aspergillus niveus, Aspergillus ochraceus, Aspergillus oryzae, Aspergillus terreus, Monascus ruber, Monascus purpureus, and Penicillium camemberti. |
Appearance | Light Yellow to Orange Solid |
Antibiotic Activity Spectrum | Gram-positive bacteria; Gram-negative bacteria; mycobacteria; parasites |
Boiling Point | 440.6°C at 760 mmHg |
Melting Point | 173-174°C |
Density | 1.37 g/cm3 |
Solubility | Soluble in DMSO |
Carcinogenicity | 3, not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans. |
Mechanism Of Toxicity | Citrinin produces proximal tubular necrosis, but only after transport into proximal tubular cells. It utilizes the organic anion transporter for entry into the cells, a transporter probably important physiologically for moving metabolic substrates into cells. Citrinin is also cytotoxic and increases formation of reactive oxygen species by stimulating the production of superoxide anion in the respiratory chain. It further potentiates this oxidative stress by modifying antioxidative enzymatic defences by inhibiting GSSG-reductase and transhydrogenase. Citrinin also alters mitochondrial function and permeability, decreasing Ca2+ accumulation in the matrix by inhibiting its influx and increasing its efflux. Citrinin inhibits respiration by interfering with the NADH oxidase and NADH cytochrome c reductase involved with complex I of the respiratory chain. Mycotoxins are often able to enter the liver and kidney by human organic anion transporters (hOATs) and human organic cation transporters (hOCTs). They can also inhibit uptake of anions and cations by these transporters, interefering with the secretion of endogenous metabolites, drugs, and xenobiotics including themselves. This results in increased cellular accumulation of toxic compounds causing nephro- and hepatotoxicity. |
Toxicity | LD50: 112 mg/kg (Oral, Mouse); LD50: 50 mg/kg (Oral, Rat); LD50: 67 mg/kg (Subcutaneous, Rat). |
Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MS (Non-derivatized) - 70eV, Positive

Experimental Conditions
Ionization Energy: 70 eV
Chromatography Type: Gas Chromatography Column (GC)
Instrument Type: Single quadrupole, spectrum predicted by CFM-ID(EI)
Mass Resolution: 0.0001 Da
Molecular Formula: C13H14O5
Molecular Weight (Monoisotopic Mass): 250.0841 Da
Molecular Weight (Avergae Mass): 250.2473 Da
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-qToF , Positive

Experimental Conditions
Ionization Mode: Positive
Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive

Experimental Conditions
Collision Energy: 10 eV
Instrument Type: QTOF (generic), spectrum predicted by CFM-ID
Mass Resolution: 0.0001 Da
Molecular Formula: C13H14O5
Molecular Weight (Monoisotopic Mass): 250.0841 Da
Molecular Weight (Avergae Mass): 250.2473 Da
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Bio Calculators
* Our calculator is based on the following equation:
Concentration (start) x Volume (start) = Concentration (final) x Volume (final)
It is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2
