Nalidixic acid
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| Category | Enzyme inhibitors |
| Catalog number | BBF-04485 |
| CAS | 389-08-2 |
| Molecular Weight | 232.24 |
| Molecular Formula | C12H12N2O3 |
| Purity | >98% |
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Description
Nalidixic acid is a synthetic 1,8-naphthyridine antimicrobial agent with a limited bacteriocidal spectrum. It is an inhibitor of bacterial DNA polymerase (DNA gyrase) and avian myeloblastoma virus reverse transcriptase.
Specification
| Synonyms | NSC-82174; NSC82174; 1-Ethyl-1,4-dihydro-7-methyl-4-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic Acid; 1,4-Dihydro-1-ethyl-7-methyl-4-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic Acid; Betaxina; Cybis; Dixiben; Eucistin; NegGram; Nelidix; Wintomylon |
| Storage | Store at 2-8°C |
| IUPAC Name | 1-ethyl-7-methyl-4-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid |
| Canonical SMILES | CCN1C=C(C(=O)C2=C1N=C(C=C2)C)C(=O)O |
| InChI | InChI=1S/C12H12N2O3/c1-3-14-6-9(12(16)17)10(15)8-5-4-7(2)13-11(8)14/h4-6H,3H2,1-2H3,(H,16,17) |
| InChI Key | MHWLWQUZZRMNGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| Source | Synthetic |
Properties
| Appearance | Pale Yellow Solid |
| Antibiotic Activity Spectrum | Bacteria |
| Boiling Point | 413.1°C at 760 mmHg |
| Melting Point | 225-231°C |
| Density | 1.331 g/cm3 |
| Solubility | Slightly soluble in Chloroform, DMSO (Heated) |
Toxicity
| Toxicity | LD50 in mice (mg/kg): 3300 orally; 500 s.c.; 176 i.v. (Lesher, 1962) |
Reference Reading
1.Analysis of Fluoroquinolone Antibiotics Resistance Mechanism of Salmonella enterica Isolates.
Kim SY1, Lee SK2,3, Park MS, Na HT1. J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2016 Apr 27. doi: 10.4014/jmb.1602.02063. [Epub ahead of print]
Quinolone-resistant Salmonella strains which were isolated from patient's samples, and some Quinolone-sensitive strains were used for the mutations in QRDR region of gyrA, gyrB, parC and parE, and the presence of PMQR region were screened. Among twenty one strains which showed Nalidixic acid-resistance and Ciprofloxacin (MIC 0.125 - 2.0 µg/ml), 17 strains showed mutation in QRDR codon 87 of gyrA and 3 strain showed single mutation (Ser83-->Phe). Another cause of resistance-related efflux pump were studied about the expression of acrB, ramA, marA and soxS. 5 strains including Sal-KH1 and Sal-KH2 showed no increase in relative quantity analysis by using the qRT-PCR method (P < 0.05). In order to determine which gene expression is concerned with the resistance, Sal-9 isolate which showed decreased susceptibility and has no mutation in gyrA QRDR was used to make STM (MIC 8 µg/ml) and STH (MIC 16 µg/ml) Ciprofloxacin-resistant mutants. gyrA QRDR Asp87-->Gly mutation were identified in both STM and STH mutants by mutation analysis.
2.Draft Genome Sequences of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica Serovar Berta ATCC 8392 and a Nalidixic Acid-Resistant Isolate of This Strain.
Cooper A1, Koziol AG1, Carrillo CD1, Lambert D2. Genome Announc. 2016 Apr 21;4(2). pii: e00186-16. doi: 10.1128/genomeA.00186-16.
ITALIC! Salmonella entericasubspecies ITALIC! entericaserovar Berta has been isolated in multiple animal species and has been implicated in human disease. Here, we report a 4.7-Mbp draft genome sequence of ITALIC! S. entericaserovar Berta (ATCC strain 8392) and a nalidixic acid-resistant isolate derived from this strain.
3.Changing Patterns in Enteric Fever Incidence and Increasing Antibiotic Resistance of Enteric Fever Isolates in the United States, 2008-2012.
Date KA1, Newton AE2, Medalla F2, Blackstock A2, Richardson L2, McCullough A2, Mintz ED2, Mahon BE2. Clin Infect Dis. 2016 Apr 18. pii: ciw232. [Epub ahead of print]
BACKGROUND: Enteric fever in the United States has been primarily associated with travel and with worrisome changes in global patterns of antimicrobial resistance. We present the first comprehensive report of National Typhoid and Paratyphoid Fever Surveillance System (NTPFS) data for a 5-year period (2008-2012).
4.Characterization of Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance Determinants in High-Level Quinolone-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Isolates from the Community: First Report of qnrD Gene in Algeria.
Yanat B1,2, Machuca J2,3,4, Díaz-De-Alba P4, Mezhoud H1, Touati A1, Pascual Á2,3,4, Rodríguez-Martínez JM2,3. Microb Drug Resist. 2016 Apr 26. [Epub ahead of print]
OBJECTIVE: The objective was to assess the prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR)-producing isolates in a collection of quinolone-resistant Enterobacteriaceae of community origin isolated in Bejaia, Algeria.
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Bio Calculators
* Our calculator is based on the following equation:
Concentration (start) x Volume (start) = Concentration (final) x Volume (final)
It is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2
* Total Molecular Weight:
g/mol
Tip: Chemical formula is case sensitive. C22H30N4O √ c22h30n40 ╳
