Pipemidic acid

Because of the widespread use of antibiotics in animal breeding, the agricultural application of animal manure can lead to the introduction of antibiotics, antibiotic-resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes to the soil and surrounding environment, which may pose a threat to public health. In this study, we investigated the status of (fluoro)quinolone (FQ) residues and FQ resistance levels in soil with and without receiving long-term swine manure. Six FQs (pipemidic acid, lomefloxacin, enrofloxacin, norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and ofloxacin) were only detected in manured soil, with individual concentrations ranging from below the detection limit to 27.2 μg kg(-1) and increasing with the increase in swine manure application rates. Higher load rates of swine manure yielded a higher number of ciprofloxacin-resistant (CIPr) bacteria after spreading. A total of 24 CIPr bacterial isolates were obtained from the tested soil, which belonged to four phyla (Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes) or were related to nine different genera.

BACKGROUND: With the rise of antibiotic resistance, new alternatives are being sought to effectively modulate the characteristics of gut microbiota to obtain pathogen resistance without the use of antibiotics. In the past, an oligosaccharide derivative of carrots, galursan HF 7K (GHF7K), has been used clinically in Austria and recently in the fowl-industry to promote health. This study examined the potential role of GHF7K as a prebiotic to alter the gut microbiota in mice.

BACKGROUND: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is deemed the most prevalent infectious disease in that it has now touched the overall incidence of 18/1000 persons per year in the general population.

The antimicrobial properties of copper have been known to mankind since the ancient times. In a coordination chemistry approach to develop novel antimicrobial agents, the quinolone antimicrobial agents ciprofloxacin (Hcipro) and pipemidic acid (Hpia), as well as dimers thereof (piperazinyl-linked with a p-xylenyl moiety) were complexed with copper(II). The synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of bis(ciprofloxacino)copper(II) [Cu(cipro)2], bis(pipemido)copper(II) [Cu(pia)2], and the corresponding dimer complexes, [Cu2(ciproXcipro)2] and [Cu2(piaXpia)2], are reported. No combinational or synergistic effect between copper(II) and the respective quinolone ligands was observed in vitro.