Spectinomycin Sulfate

An HPLC method for the determination of spectinomycin in swine, calf and chicken plasma at 0.1 microgram/ml or higher is described. The clean-up is based upon ion-pair solid-phase extraction on a High Hydrophobic C18 column treated with sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate. After elution with methanol, spectinomycin is chromatographed on a Spherisorb SCX column using 0.1 M sodium sulphate solution (pH 2.6)-acetonitrile (80:20, v/v) as mobile phase. Fluorescence detection is at an excitation wavelength of 340 nm and an emission wavelength of 460 nm after post-column oxidation with sodium hypochlorite followed by derivatization with o-phthaldialdehyde. Mean recoveries were 99 +/- 2% (n = 6), 99 +/- 2% (n = 7) and 104 +/- 2% (n = 6) for swine, calf and chicken plasma, respectively, at the 0.1 microgram/ml level.

The antibacterial activity of trospectomycin, clindamycin, metronidazole, imipenem, cefoxitin, and piperacillin was tested against 72 Bacteroides spp. strains isolated from the vagina of women with vaginitis by determining the minimal inhibitory concentration using the agar dilution method. Trospectomycin shows a good activity which is comparable to that of imipenem and metronidazole. Its expanded spectrum of activity makes trospectomycin suitable for the use in single-drug therapy of pelvic infections in women.

Streptomycin-resistant mutants were isolated from mutagenised cotyledon explants of Capsicum praetermissum Heiser & Smith. The explants were mutagenised with N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea, which resulted in a high frequency of streptomycin-resistant mutants (18.0%) and a low frequency of chlorophyll-deficient (albino) mutants (8.0%). Complete streptomycin-resistant plantlets were obtained after rooting of the regenerated green shoots on rooting medium containing 1.0 mg L-1 IAA and 500 mg L-1 streptomycin sulphate. Leaf-segment assay of these plantlets revealed that they were resistant to streptomycin but sensitive to chloramphenicol, kanamycin, lincomycin, and spectinomycin. Reciprocal crosses between streptomycin-resistant and -sensitive plants showed a non-Mendelian transmission of resistance by female parents.

BACKGROUND: Symbiotic N2 fixation in legumes is constrained by many factors, including the paucity of suitable soil rhizobia To maximise growth of legume species therefore often requires the application of effective rhizobia as inoculants. But where native strains out-compete introduced rhizobia for nodule formation, it is important that the competitiveness of selected strains is tested in the field and glasshouse prior to their recommendation as commercial inoculants. However the methodology for strain identification inside nodules has often proved difficult and thus limited this field of research. In this study, the suitability of the antibiotic resistance technique (both intrinsic low-resistance fingerprinting and high-resistance marking) and the serological indirect ELISA method were assessed for their ability to detect selected Cyclopia rhizobia under glasshouse and field conditions. The four rhizobial strains that were used, namely PPRICI3, UCT40a, UCT44b and UCT61a, were isolated from wild Cyclopia species growing in the Western Cape fynbos of South Africa.