Sulbenicillin sodium

Toxicity of an intravitreal injection of gentamicin sulfate, disodium sulbenicillin and cefazolin sodium on the retina was investigated by electroretinogram in albino and pigmented rabbits. Recordings were made before injection and 2 hours and 3, 7, 14, and 21 days after injection. Significant differences were found in the susceptibility of the electroretinogram components to various antibiotics as follows. Gentamicin 0.24 mg/0.1 ml irreversibly abolished all the components examined. Sulbenicillin 4.0, 8.0, or 12 mg/0.1 ml transiently suppressed the b-wave and the oscillatory potentials incrementally with increasing dose. Cefazolin 0.5, 2.0, or 5.0 mg/0.1 ml selectively reduced the oscillatory potentials, leaving the a- and b-waves almost unattenuated. The cefazolin-suppressed oscillatory potentials recovered within 14 days after injection. Judging from the most susceptible electroretinogram components to each antibiotic, we recommend intravitreal doses of these antibiotics for clinical use as follows: gentamicin 0.1 mg/0.1 ml, sulbenicillin 2 mg/0.1 ml, and cefazolin 0.25 mg/0.1 ml.

This study describes the effects of penicillin G (PC-G) potassium, PC-G sodium, cloxacillin sodium (MCIPC), disodium sulbenicillin (SBPC), cefazolin sodium (CEZ) and cefsulodin sodium (CFS) on the in-vitro electroretinogram (ERG) of the albino rabbit. The b-wave and oscillatory potentials (OPs) were unchanged by 0.1 mM PC-G potassium or PC-G sodium. The OPs were slightly suppressed by 0.3 mM of either drug. While the a- and b-waves were not deteriorated, the OPs were greatly suppressed by 1.0 mM concentration. The effect of PC-G on the ERG was characterized by a selective suppression of the OPs. The b-wave and OPs were not suppressed by 0.03 mM MCIPC. They were slightly suppressed by 0.05 mM MCIPC. The a-wave, b-wave and OPs were not deteriorated by 1.0 mM SBPC. The b-wave and OPs were suppressed by 3.0 mM or 6.0 mM SBPC respectively. These changes appeared to be dose-dependent. Since the b-wave and OPs were concomitantly suppressed by both MCIPC and SBPC, these antibiotics, unlike PC-G, did not selectively suppress the OPs. The b-wave and OPs were unchanged by 0.1 mM CEZ or CFS. The OPs were slightly suppressed by 0.3 mM CEZ or CFS. CEZ or CFS of 1.0 mM did not deteriorate the a- and b-waves, but selectively suppressed the OPs. The effects of CEZ and CFS on the ERG were characterized by a selective suppression of the OPs. The above-described changes in the ERG were reversible.

To effectively control the polymerized impurities in mezlocillin sodium and sulbenicillin sodium, a HPSEC method with TSK-gel G2000SWxl column and a RP-HPLC method with C18 analytical column were established to replace the classical gel filtration chromatography with Sephadex G-10 gel as stationary phase. By studying the chromatographic behavior of polymerized impurities in both methods with different chromatographic separation mechanisms, the polymerized impurities in mezlocillin sodium and sulbenicillin sodium were separated and detected effectively. The column switching two-dimension liquid chromatography ion trap/time-of-flight mass spectrometry was applied to characterize the structures of polymerized impurities eluted from the HPSEC method and RP-HPLC method for both drugs. The structures of the polymerized impurities in mezlocillin sodium and sulbenicillin sodium were deduced based on the MSndata. The results showed that the polymerized impurities detected by HPSEC method and RP-HPLC method were completely different. Therefore, two methods should be used meanwhile to control the polymerized impurities in mezlocillin sodium and sulbenicillin sodium.