Candicidin complex
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| Category | Others |
| Catalog number | BBF-03825 |
| CAS | 1403-17-4 |
| Molecular Weight | 1109.30 |
| Molecular Formula | C59H84N2O18 (for Candicidin D) |
| Purity | >95% by HPLC |
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Description
Candicidin complex is a group of macrocycloheptene antifungal compounds produced by Streptomyces griseus. The candicidin complex contains analogues A, B, C and D, of which candicidin D is the main component. It has antifungal activity against fungi, especially Candida albicans, and is clinically used to treat vaginal candidiasis by combining with ergosterol and destroying the fungal membrane.
Specification
| Synonyms | Levorin |
| Storage | Store at -20°C |
| IUPAC Name | (23E,25E,27E,29E,31E,33E,35E)-22-[(3S,4S,5S,6R)-4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-38-[7-(4-aminophenyl)-5-hydroxy-4-methyl-7-oxoheptan-2-yl]-10,12,14,18,20-pentahydroxy-37-methyl-2,4,8,16-tetraoxo-1-oxacyclooctatriaconta-23,25,27,29,31,33,35-heptaene-19-carboxylic acid |
| Canonical SMILES | CC1C=CC=CC=CC=CC=CC=CC=CC(CC(C(C(CC(=O)CC(CC(CC(CC(=O)CCCC(=O)CC(=O)OC1C(C)CC(C)C(CC(=O)C2=CC=C(C=C2)N)O)O)O)O)O)C(=O)O)O)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)C)O)N)O |
| InChI | InChI=1S/C59H84N2O18/c1-35-18-15-13-11-9-7-5-6-8-10-12-14-16-21-47(78-59-56(74)54(61)55(73)38(4)77-59)33-51(71)53(58(75)76)50(70)31-46(67)30-45(66)29-44(65)28-43(64)27-41(62)19-17-20-42(63)32-52(72)79-57(35)37(3)26-36(2)48(68)34-49(69)39-22-24-40(60)25-23-39/h5-16,18,21-25,35-38,43-45,47-48,50-51,53-57,59,64-66,68,70-71,73-74H,17,19-20,26-34,60-61H2,1-4H3,(H,75,76)/b6-5+,9-7+,10-8+,13-11+,14-12+,18-15+,21-16+/t35?,36?,37?,38-,43?,44?,45?,47?,48?,50?,51?,53?,54+,55-,56+,57?,59?/m1/s1 |
| InChI Key | OPGSFDUODIJJGF-JBUZINEHSA-N |
| Source | Streptomyces griseus |
Properties
| Appearance | Dull Yellow Solid |
| Antibiotic Activity Spectrum | fungi |
| Boiling Point | 1273.3°C at 760 mmHg |
| Density | 1.3 g/cm3 |
| Solubility | Soluble in ethanol, methanol, DMF, DMSO |
Reference Reading
1. The candicidin gene cluster from Streptomyces griseus IMRU 3570
José A Gil, Ana Belén Campelo Microbiology (Reading) . 2002 Jan;148(Pt 1):51-59. doi: 10.1099/00221287-148-1-51.
A 205 kb DNA region from Streptomyces griseus IMRU 3570, including the candicidin biosynthetic gene cluster, was cloned and partially sequenced. Analysis of the sequenced DNA led to identification of genes encoding part of a modular polyketide synthase (PKS), genes for thioesterase, macrolactone ring modification, mycosamine biosynthesis and attachment to the macrolide ring, candicidin export and regulatory proteins. It represents the first extensive genetic characterization of an aromatic polyene macrolide antibiotic biosynthetic gene cluster. Of particular interest is the presence of the CanP1 loading domain (the first described as responsible for the activation of an aromatic starter unit) and the polypeptide CanP3 (carrying modules for the formation of five out of seven conjugated double bonds). Disruption of the pabAB gene that encodes the starter unit of candicidin abolished its production [which was restored when exogenous p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) was supplied to the culture] and resulted in an enhanced production of another antifungal compound that is barely detected in the wild-type.
2. Analytical studies on ascosin, candicidin and levorin multicomponent antifungal antibiotic complexes. The stereostructure of ascosin A2
Agata Kot-Wasik, Edward Borowski, Jakub Grynda, Paweł Kubica, Magda Liczmańska, Tomasz Laskowski, Bartosz Kubacki, Marta Dziergowska, Paweł Szczeblewski Sci Rep . 2017 Jan 9;7:40158. doi: 10.1038/srep40158.
In the class of polyene macrolides, there is a subgroup of aromatic heptaenes, which exhibit the highest antifungal activity within this type of antibiotics. Yet, due to their complex nature, aromatic heptaenes were not extensively studied and their potential as drugs is currently underexploited. Moreover, there are many inconsistencies in the literature regarding the composition and the structures of the individual components of the aromatic heptaene complexes. Inspired by one of such cases, herein we conducted the analytical studies on ascosin, candicidin and levorin using HPLC-DAD-(ESI)Q-TOF techniques. The resulting chromatograms and the molecular masses of the individual components of these three complexes strongly indicated that the major components of ascosin, candicidin and levorin are structurally identical. In order to validate these results, the main component of previously structurally uncharacterized ascosin was derivatized, isolated and subjected to 2D NMR studies. The resulting structure of the ascosin's main component, herein named ascosin A2, was shown to be identical with the earlier reported structures of the main components of candicidin and levorin complexes: candicidin D and levorin A2. In the end, all the structural knowledge regarding these three antibiotic complexes was gathered, systematized and completed, and the new nomenclature was proposed.
3. Quest for the Molecular Basis of Improved Selective Toxicity of All-Trans Isomers of Aromatic Heptaene Macrolide Antifungal Antibiotics
Julia Borzyszkowska-Bukowska, Sławomir Milewski, Justyna Górska, Jakub Jurasz, Katarzyna Kozłowska-Tylingo, Tomasz Laskowski, Piotr Szweda, Iwona Gabriel, Paweł Szczeblewski Int J Mol Sci . 2021 Sep 18;22(18):10108. doi: 10.3390/ijms221810108.
Three aromatic heptaene macrolide antifungal antibiotics, Candicidin D, Partricin A (Gedamycin) and Partricin B (Vacidin) were subjected to controlledcis-trans→ all transphotochemical isomerization. The obtainedall-transisomers demonstrated substantially improved in vitro selective toxicity in theCandida albicanscells: human erythrocytes model. This effect was mainly due to the diminished hemotoxicity. The molecular modeling studies on interactions between original antibiotics and their photoisomers with ergosterol and cholesterol revealed some difference in free energy profiles of formation of binary antibiotic/sterol complexes in respective membrane environments. Moreover, different geometries of heptaene: sterol complexes and variations in polyene macrolide molecule alignment in cholesterol-and ergosterol-containing membranes were found. None of these effects are of the crucial importance for the observed improvement of selective toxicity of aromatic heptaene antifungals but each seems to provide a partial contribution.
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Bio Calculators
* Our calculator is based on the following equation:
Concentration (start) x Volume (start) = Concentration (final) x Volume (final)
It is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2
* Total Molecular Weight:
g/mol
Tip: Chemical formula is case sensitive. C22H30N4O √ c22h30n40 ╳
