Enzyme inhibitors

4-Chlorolichexanthone can inhibit cell growth.

Epanorin is a lichen metabolite that can inhibit the proliferation of MCF-7 breast cancer cells.

4-O-Demethylbarbatic acid is an inhibitor of leukotriene B4 (LTB4).

Thuringione can inhibit the growth of mouse SV40-transformed ileocecal blastoma cells in vitro.

(-)-allo-Protolichesterinic acid can inhibit 5-lipoxygenase in vitro.

4-O-Methylcryptochlorophaeic acid is a potent inhibitor of prostaglandin biosynthesis.

Methylspinazarin is a naphthoquinone bacterial metabolite produced by the strain of Streptomyces filipinensis and is an inhibitor of catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT). Methylspinazarin can reduce blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats when administered at a dose of 50 mg/kg.

Monascuspiloin is a fungal metabolite isolated from M. pilosus M93-fermented rice. It induces endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy in PC3 prostate cancer cells. It is a moderately potent inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase and has potent anti-androgen activity.

Multiflorenol is a triterpenoid found in the geranium family and other flowering plants. It inhibits histamine release induced by antigen-antibody reaction and inhibits in vitro activation of Epstein-Barr virus early antigen (EBV-EA) induced by the tumor promoter phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (TPA) in a concentration-dependent manner.

Spiro-Oxanthromicin A is a polyketide first isolated from a soil-derived Streptomyces sp. Spiro-Oxanthromicin A inhibits mislocalisation of the oncogenic mutant K-Ras from the plasma membrane of intact Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. It inhibits Bacillus cereus but has no activity against HSV-1, Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra and phytopathogenic fungi.

(5E)-7-Oxozeaenol, a resorcylic acid lactone isolated from the fungus MSX 63935 and Drechslera portulacae, has enzyme inhibitory effect and anticancer activities.

Penicinoline, an unusual quinolinone alkaloid isolated from Penicillium, has anti-malarial, insecticidal and anticancer activities. It inhibits proliferation of 95-D and HepG2 cancer cells but not HeLa, KB, KBv200 or Hep-2 cells.

L-Glufosinate is a glutamine synthetase inhibitor and is used as a herbicide (usually as the corresponding ammonium or sodium salt, known as glufosinate-P-ammonium and glufosinate-P-sodium, respectively) to control annual weeds and grasses.

Pluviatolide is a butyrolactone lignan first isolated from the Australian native plant, Zanthoxylum pluviatile. It has a variety of biological activities, including antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory effect and antispasmodic properties.

Psychotridine is an alkaloid that has been found in P. forsteriana and has diverse biological activities. It inhibits ADP-, collagen-, or thrombin-induced aggregation of washed isolated human platelets.

Reserpiline is an indole alkaloid that has been found in R. tetraphylla. It is an antipsychotic, antiparasitic and hypotensive agent.

It is a natural product first produced by the strain of the fungus D. cejpii. It shows anti-inflammatory properties and inhibits TNF-α-induced NF-κB activity.

It is a base-catalysed intermediate produced by hydrolysis of the disaccharide unit of doramectin. It is formed by epimerisation at the 2-position which ultimately rearranges irreversibly to the isomeric alkene analogue.

It is a base-catalysed intermediate produced by selective hydrolysis of the terminal saccharide unit of doramectin. It is formed by epimerisation at the 2-position which ultimately rearranges irreversibly to the isomeric alkene analogue.

FR901512, a new specific inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase, is isolated from the culture of an agonomycetous fungus No. 14919. FR901512 inhibits cholesterol synthesis from [14C] acetate in Hep G2 cells.