Polymyxin B1 Sulfate
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| Category | Antibiotics |
| Catalog number | BBF-04330 |
| CAS | 108965-61-3 |
| Molecular Weight | 1301.55 |
| Molecular Formula | C56H98N16O13.H2SO4 |
| Purity | >90.0% |
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Description
It is produced by the strain of Pseudomonas sp. It is one of the polypeptide fractions in polymyxin B sulfate. Polymyxin B1 is an antibacterial compound. It has a high volume of distribution and longer elimination half-life in patients with multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacterial infection.
Specification
| Related CAS | 4135-11-9 (free base) |
| Synonyms | Polymyxin B1 sulfate salt (1:1); N2-(6-Methyl-1-oxooctyl)-L-2,4-diaminobutanoyl-L-threonyl-L-2,4-diaminobutanoyl-L-2,4-diaminobutanoyl-L-2,4-diaminobutanoyl-D-phenylalanyl-L-leucyl-L-2,4-diaminobutanoyl-L-2,4-diaminobutanoyl-L-threonine Cyclic (10→4)-Peptide sulfate (1:1) |
| Storage | Store at -20°C |
| IUPAC Name | (6S)-N-[(2S)-4-amino-1-[[(2S,3R)-1-[[(2S)-4-amino-1-oxo-1-[[(3S,6S,9S,12S,15R,18S,21S)-6,9,18-tris(2-aminoethyl)-15-benzyl-3-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-12-(2-methylpropyl)-2,5,8,11,14,17,20-heptaoxo-1,4,7,10,13,16,19-heptazacyclotricos-21-yl]amino]butan-2-yl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxobutan-2-yl]-6-methyloctanamide;sulfuric acid |
| Canonical SMILES | CCC(C)CCCCC(=O)NC(CCN)C(=O)NC(C(C)O)C(=O)NC(CCN)C(=O)NC1CCNC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC1=O)CCN)CC2=CC=CC=C2)CC(C)C)CCN)CCN)C(C)O.OS(=O)(=O)O |
| InChI | InChI=1S/C56H98N16O13.H2O4S/c1-7-32(4)13-11-12-16-44(75)63-36(17-23-57)51(80)72-46(34(6)74)56(85)68-39(20-26-60)48(77)67-41-22-28-62-55(84)45(33(5)73)71-52(81)40(21-27-61)65-47(76)37(18-24-58)66-53(82)42(29-31(2)3)69-54(83)43(30-35-14-9-8-10-15-35)70-49(78)38(19-25-59)64-50(41)79;1-5(2,3)4/h8-10,14-15,31-34,36-43,45-46,73-74H,7,11-13,16-30,57-61H2,1-6H3,(H,62,84)(H,63,75)(H,64,79)(H,65,76)(H,66,82)(H,67,77)(H,68,85)(H,69,83)(H,70,78)(H,71,81)(H,72,80);(H2,1,2,3,4)/t32-,33+,34+,36-,37-,38-,39-,40-,41-,42-,43+,45-,46-;/m0./s1 |
| InChI Key | HFMDLUQUEXNBOP-GYMBPXIDSA-N |
| Source | Pseudomonas sp. |
Properties
| Appearance | White Powder |
| Antibiotic Activity Spectrum | Gram-negative bacteria |
| Solubility | Slightly soluble in Water |
Reference Reading
1. Isolation and structural characterization of polymyxin B components
R Busson, E Roets, C Govaerts, J Hoogmartens, A Van Schepdael, J A Orwa J Chromatogr A . 2001 Apr 6;912(2):369-73. doi: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)00585-4.
Polymyxin B is a peptide antibiotic complex present as sulphate. The components were separated preparatively on a poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) (PLRP-S), 1000 A, 8 microm, 250 x 12.5 mm I.D. stationary phase maintained at 60 degrees C and using 215 nm detection. Elution was carried out with acetonitrile-sodium sulphate solution (0.7%, m/v; pH adjusted to 2.5 with trifluoroacetic acid)-water (18:50:32, v/v) at a flow-rate of 4.0 ml/min. Seven polymyxin B components were isolated and characterized using 1H and 13C NMR. The molecular masses were confirmed by mass spectrometry. The structures of two components were determined for the first time. Polymyxins B5 and B6 were identified as having the same composition as polymyxin B1 except that the fatty acid moiety was nonanoic acid and 3-hydroxy-6-methyloctanoic acid, respectively.
2. Liquid chromatography of polymyxin B sulphate
E Roets, A Van Gerven, J A Orwa, J Hoogmartens J Chromatogr A . 2000 Feb 18;870(1-2):237-43. doi: 10.1016/s0021-9673(99)00936-x.
A reversed-phase liquid chromatography method for analysis of polymyxin B sulphate is described. The method uses a YMC-Pack Pro, C18, 5 microm, 250x4.6 mm I.D. column maintained at 30 degrees C. The mobile phase comprises acetonitrile-sodium sulphate (0.7%, m/v)-phosphoric acid (6.8%, v/v dilution of 85%, m/m phosphoric acid)-water (22.25:50:5:22.75) at a flow-rate of 1.0 ml/min. Detection was by UV at 215 nm. The method is able to resolve polymyxin B1, the major component, from more than thirty other components present in the complex. Robustness was evaluated by performing a full-factorial design experiment. The method showed good selectivity, repeatability, linearity and sensitivity.
3. Global survey of polymyxin use: A call for international guidelines
Hellen Gelband, Ramanan Laxminarayan, Gabriel Levy Hara, Heiman Wertheim, Johan Mouton, Otto Cars, Kinh Van Nguyen J Glob Antimicrob Resist . 2013 Sep;1(3):131-134. doi: 10.1016/j.jgar.2013.03.012.
Polymyxins (polymyxin B and colistin) are older bactericidal antibiotics that are increasingly used to treat infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria. However, dosing and clinical use of these drugs vary widely. This survey was undertaken to reveal how polymyxins are used worldwide. Data were collected through a structured online questionnaire consisting of 24 questions regarding colistin usage patterns and indications as well as colistin dosage for adult patients. The questionnaire was disseminated in 2011 to relevant experts worldwide and was completed by 284 respondents from 56 different countries. Respondents from 11/56 countries (20%) had no access to colistin; 58/284 respondents (20.4%) reported that in 2010 they experienced that colistin was not available when needed. Formulations of polymyxins used were reported as: colistimethate sodium (48.6%); colistin sulfate (14.1%); both (1.4%); polymyxin B (1.4%); and unknown. Intravenous formulations were used by 84.2%, aerosolised or nebulised colistin by 44.4% and oral colistin for selective gut decontamination by 12.7%. Common indications for intravenous colistin were ventilator-associated pneumonia, sepsis and catheter-related infections with MDR Gram-negative bacteria. Only 21.2% of respondents used a colistin-loading dose, mainly in Europe and North America. This survey reveals that the majority of respondents use colistin and a few use polymyxin B. The survey results show that colistin is commonly underdosed. Clear guidance is needed on indications, dosing and antibiotic combinations to improve clinical outcomes and delay the emergence of resistance. Colistin should be considered a last-resort drug and its use should be controlled. International guidelines are urgently needed.
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Bio Calculators
* Our calculator is based on the following equation:
Concentration (start) x Volume (start) = Concentration (final) x Volume (final)
It is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2
* Total Molecular Weight:
g/mol
Tip: Chemical formula is case sensitive. C22H30N4O √ c22h30n40 ╳
