Antibiotics

An unusual pentacyclic tetramic acid produced by streptomyces phaeochromogenes; potent activity against the protozoan, trichomonas vaginalis; demonstrates selective gram positive antibacterial activity, and anti-ulcer activity possibly via inhibition of H. Pylori; inhibits the uptake of oxidized low-density lipoprotein in mouse macrophages, blocks PMA and nef-mediated cell surface CD4 down-regulation, and inhibits clathrin-coated pit-mediated endocytosis; a useful agent for studying the process of endocytosis.

Illudin M is a natural sesquiterpene agent with strong anti-tumour activity.

A highly selective antibiotic which acts as a tryptophan anti-metabolite; active against mycobacteria and H. Pylori, and can stimulate transcription in escherichia coli.

Iodinin is an antibiotic produced by the strain of Chromobacterium iodinum etc. It has antibacterial and fungal properties

Isariin is originally isolated from Isaria felina.

It is produced by the strain of Fusarium javanicum, etc. Javanicin is resistant to gram-positive bacteria and mycobacteria.

Julimycin B2 is originally isolated from Str. shiodaensis. It has anti-gram-positive bacteria and anti-virus activity and it has effects on ehrman ascites carcinoma in mice of 3.10-12.5 mg/kg.

It is produced by the strain of Micromono spora chalcea var. izumensis. Juvenimicin A3 can resist gram-positive bacteria and individual gram-negative bacteria.

Kanamycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that has inhibitory effects on gram-positive and negative bacteria and mycoplasma. It can be used for the prevention and treatment of chicken pullorum, colibacillosis, enteritis and other diseases, and has a significant effect on systemic sepsis, respiratory tract infection, peritonitis, etc. caused by drug-resistant bacteria.

Kanamycin B is an aminoglycoside antibiotic produced by the strain of Str. kanamyceticus. It is used to treat the infection of gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria and mycobacterium tuberculosis.

It is produced by the strain of Str. sugaensis M-388 (ATCC-15714, -15715). Kasugamycin has antibacterial properties against certain bacteria and fungi.

A minor member of the leptomycin complex isolated from some streptomyces species; an hydroxylated analogue of leptomycin B, a nuclear export inhibitor; exhibits potent antitumour activity both in vitro and in vivo against P388 and L1210 cell lines, and also shows strong antibacterial and antifungal activity.

A minor component of the leptomycin complex produced by some streptomyces sp.; an hydroxylated analogue of leptomycin A, a nuclear export inhibitor; displays potent antitumour activity against L1210 and human colon adenocarcinoma, and in vivo activity against P388 lymphocytic leukemia in mice; also possesses strong antibacterial and antifungal activity.

a potent anti-fungal antibiotic. Leptomycin A is a highly specific inhibitor of export protein CRM1.

It is produced by the strain of Str. Violaceolatus, Kerriamycin B has anti-gram-positive bacterial effect and can also prolong the survival time of patients with Ai's ascites cancer.

It is produced by the strain of Str. sp. Tu99, Ketomycin is resistant to subtilis on the synthetic medium.

Selectively kills PANC-1 cells (a pancreatic cell line) at concentrations 100 times lower under nutrient starved conditions than in normal conditions; active in vivo against a human pancreatic cancer xenograft model; also inhibits the growth of gram positive bacteria including MRSA, but is not active against gram negative bacteria.

A tetronic acid related to saccharocarcin, chlorothricin, versipelostatin and tetrocarcin; contains an unusual nitroaminoglycoside; a potent antibacterial, antimalarial and antitumour active; inhibits transcription from the promoter of GRP78, a gene that is activated as part of a stress signalling pathway under glucose deprivation resulting in unfolded protein response (UPR).

Kirrothricin is originally isolated from Str. cinnamomeus Tu89. It has antibacterial action, but no activity to subtilis, Escherichia coli and fungi.

It is produced from the Aspergillus parasiticus. Kojic Acid has anti-leptospira effect with MIC of 1-10 μg/mL. It is also a tyrosinase inhibitor, which acts as a chelating agent that inhibits the production of melanin and should help chloasma in vitro.