Antibiotics

Micronomicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic originally isolated from Micromonospora sagamiensis var. nonreducans. It exhibits broad-spectrum activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative activity.

A semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic for the treatment of infections due to susceptible strains of microorganisms. It is third generation cephalosporin effective against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.

Sulfamethoxazole is a sulfonamide bacteriostatic antibiotic with an IC50 of 2.7 μM. It is effective against both gram-negative and -positive bacteria. It is used for urinary tract infections, respiratory system infections, intestinal infections, biliary tract infections and local soft tissue or wound infections caused by sensitive bacteria.

Mecycline sulfosalicylate is a kind of tetracycline antibiotic, which shows broad-spectrum antibacterial and protozoal activity by combining 30S and 50S ribosomal subunits, preventing protein synthesis.

Enoxacin is an oral broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent used in the treatment of urinary tract infections and gonorrhea. Insomnia is a common adverse effect.

Cefotetan is a second-generation cephalosporin. It can bind to penicillin-binding proteins and disrupts the cell wall synthesis. Cefotetan is active against some strains of β-lactamase producing bacteria. Cefotetan shows anti-microbial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and it is more efficacious against Gram-negative and anaerobic bacteria.

Ethambutol is a synthetic anti-tuberculosis antibiotic. Ethambutol is a bacteriostatic antimycobacterial agent, which obstructs the formation of cell wall by inhibiting arabinosyl transferases. It directly affects two polymers, arabinogalactan (AG) and lipoarabinomannan (LAM) in Mycobacterium smegmatis. It is effective against actively growing microorganisms of the genus Mycobacterium, including M. tuberculosis and is potency against M. tuberculosis (H37Rv).

Tylosin tartrate is a macrolide antibiotic produced by Streptomyces. Tylosin tartrate is an antimicrobial for gram-positive bacteria and mycoplasma. It can be used to prevent and treat respiratory diseases such as mycoplasma pneumonia, pleuropneumonia, swine pneumonia, Haemophilus parasuis, streptococcus suis, and other tissue infections.

Sodium fusidate is a bacteriostatic antibiotic isolated from the fermentation broth of Fusidium coccineum. It suppresses nitric oxide lysis of pancreatic islet cells. It also inhibits protein synthesis in prokaryotes by inhibiting the ribosome-dependent activity of G factor and translocation of peptidyl-tRNA. It is also used to inhibit the replication of gram-positive bacteria including Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Corynebacterium species.

Rolitetracycline is a semi-synthetic tetracycline antibiotic. It has broad-spectrum Gram-positive activity in the body.

A semi-synthetic lincosamide prepared from clindamycin by hydrolysing the propyl N-methylproline and re-annealing a 4-ethylpipecolic acid. It is a broad spectrum antibiotic with activity against anaerobic bacteria and protozoans by binding to the 23S ribosomal subunit, blocking protein synthesis.

Sarafloxacin is a quinolone antibiotic drug, inhibiting the topoisomerase II ligase domain. It inhibits bacterial Topo II α (DNA gyrase, topoisomerase) and is effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Platencin is a broad-spectrum Gram-positive antibiotic produced by Streptomyces. Platencin is an effective antibiotic against FabF and FabH proteins. No toxicity was observed.

Platensimycin is a broad spectrum, gram-positive antibiotic produced by strains of streptomyces platensis. It inhibits bacterial growth by selectively inhibiting the elongation enzyme, b-ketoacyl acyl carrier protein synthase (fabf) of the fatty acid synthesis pathway.

Aranorosin is a fungal metabolite originally isolated from P. roseus and an inhibitor of anti-apoptotic functions regulated by Bcl-2. It has antimicrobial activity against B. subtilis, A. niger, and C. albicans when used at a concentration of 1 mg/ml. Aranorosin also reduces viability in apoptosis-resistant HeLa/Bcl-2 cells. Aranorosin also inhibits enzyme AAC(6')/APH(2'') which plays a role in arbekacin (ABK)-resistance in MRSA.

Lomefloxacin hydrochloride is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections including bronchitis and urinary tract infections.

Chloramphenicol succinate sodium salt is a semi-synthetic broad-spectrum antibiotic.

Ceftiofur sodium, one of the third generation antibiotics, is a cephalosporin based antibacterial compound that has been approved to be used in veterinary medicine.

Cefditoren sodium is a third generation cephalosporin antibiotic potentially for the treatment of bacterial infection.

Sparfloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, shows broad and potent antibacterial activity. It can inhibit bacterial DNA gyrase, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and transcription.