Bioactive by-products

Barbamide is produced by the strain of Lyn-gbya majiuscula. It has the activity of killing mollusks.

It is produced by the strain of Cladosporium sp. IFM 49189. Cladosporide A inhibits Aspergillus fumigatus with IC50 of 0.5-4.0 μg/mL, but it has no effect on other filamentous fungi.

It is produced by the strain of Cladosporium sp. IFM 49189. Cladosporide B has slightly stronger anti-aspergillus fumigatus activity than A.

It is produced by the strain of Strrptomyces clavuligerus. Clavam-2-carboxylate has the activity against part of fungi.

It is produced by the strain of Streptomyces hygroscopicus TPA0623. Clethramycin has activities against candida, cryptococcus neoforme and aspergillus fumigatus with MIC of 0.5-8 μg/mL. And it also inhibits the growth of Pollen tubes.

It is produced by the strain of Acremonium tubakii DSM 12774. It has anti-gram-positive bacterial activity, but no anti-gram-negative bacterial activity. It also has the effect of deworming and anti-ectoparasite.

It is produced by the strain of Acremonium tubakii DSM 12774. It has anti-gram-positive bacterial activity, but no anti-gram-negative bacterial activity.

It is produced by the strain of Acremonium tubakii DSM 12774. It has weak antibacterial activity.

Antimycin A is a macrolide antibiotic produced by Streptomyces kitasawaensis, Str. griseus and Str. antibioticus. Antimycin A1 can inhibit atp-citrate lyase activity.

Antimycin A is a macrolide antibiotic produced by Streptomyces kitasawaensis, Str. griseus and Str. antibioticus. Antimycin A2 can inhibit atp-citrate lyase activity.

Antimycin A is a macrolide antibiotic produced by Streptomyces kitasawaensis, Str. griseus and Str. antibioticus. Antimycin A3 can inhibit atp-citrate lyase activity.

Antimycin A is a macrolide antibiotic produced by Streptomyces kitasawaensis, Str. griseus and Str. antibioticus. Antimycin A4 can inhibit atp-citrate lyase activity.

Berninamycin D is a peptide antibiotic produced by Streptomyces bernensis NRRL 3572.

Azlocillin is produced by the strain of 6-APA and Ampicillin. It has a wide antibacterial spectrum, and has good effects on gram-positive cocci (except penicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus), negative bacilli including Pseudomonas aerumindole-negative proteus, etc. The experimental efficacy is better than Carbencillin and Ticarcillin, and it is widely applied in clinical practice.

It is produced by the strain of 6-APA and Ampicillin. Bacampicillin may increase the anticoagulant activities of Acenocoumarol as a prodrug of ampicillin.

γ-Chloronorvaline is produced by the strain of Streptomyces griseosporeus AL-719. It has the activity of resistance to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serrata, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Bacillus subtilis in the synthetic medium, but has no effect on Escherichia coli.

Ciclacillin is produced by the strain of Semi-synthetic broad-spectrum penicillin. The antibacterial activity of cyclociline against 101 strains of Escherichia coli, 50 strains of Proteus and 59 strains of Staphylococcus aureus was lower than that of ampicillin and carboxpicillin. The blood concentration is higher than ampicillin, but excretion is fast.

It is produced by the strain of Penicillum citrinum. Citrinin has the ability of anti-gram positive bacteria, negative bacteria (weak) and mycobacterium (10-100 μg/mL), and can inhibit vaginal trichomonas when diluted with 1:25600 ratio. It can also induce the differentiation of mouse leukemia cells.

It is produced by the strain of Streptomyces aureofaciens. Clomocycline has anti-gram-positive and negative bacteria activity.

It is produced by the strain of semisynthetic isoxazole penicillin. Cloxacillin is a semisynthetic beta-lactamase resistant penicillin antibiotic with antibacterial activity. It is a chlorinated derivative of oxacillin and is an antibiotic useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections. It binds to and inactivates penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located on the inner membrane of the bacterial cell wall, thus preventing the cross-linkage of peptidoglycans, which leads to an interruption of the bacterial cell wall and causes bacterial cell lysis. It is used against staphylococci that produce beta-lactamase, due to its large R chain, which does not allow the beta-lactamases to bind. It was discovered and developed by Beecham.